This research paper focuses on the formulation and evaluation of a face serum using rose and beetroot extracts, leveraging their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin-protective properties. The serum was formulated using a combination of rose and beetroot extracts, along with other natural ingredients and its physical and chemical stability, texture, and efficacy were evaluated. This research paper presents the formulation and evaluation of a face serum utilizing rose and beetroot extracts, renowned for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and skin-protective properties. The primary objective of this study was to develop a natural face serum that promotes healthy, radiant skin by addressing various skin concerns such as aging, hyperpigmentation and dehydration. The serum was formulated using a combination of rose and beetroot extracts, along with other natural ingredients and its physical and chemical stability, texture and efficacy were evaluated through various tests. The results demonstrated promising stability, texture and efficacy, with the serum exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may help protect the skin from damage and promote a healthy complexion. The findings suggest that the face serum formulated with rose and beetroot extracts has potential as a natural skincare product, offering benefits such as improved skin hydration, elasticity and firmness. This study highlights the potential of natural ingredients in skincare and provides a promising alternative to synthetic products, warranting further research and development.
Skin protective properties, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, improve the skin hydration, skin elasticity
The concept of beauty and cosmetics is important part of modern world. Cosmetic products are used to enhance the appearance or odor of body parts and to hide acne, wounds and wrinkles on skin. Cosmetics are used on face, hairs, body to make it look attractive. Beauty care products have mainly two categories synthetic and herbal. While synthetic products may have variety to side effects compared to herbal products. Hence, products that are obtained from nature and are herbal are in more preferred nowadays. Cosmetic preparations help to look charming and young. Cosmetics include body lotion, hair oil, baby products, shampoo, moisturizers, deodorants, lipsticks, powders, eye and facial makeup products etc. Herbal cosmetics are growing in demand and production; it is freely given gift of nature. Natural herbs are grown their particular properties are evaluated and through extraction required chemical constituent is taken to see the results. Herbal products are safe, natural and have no side effect; these properties of herbal products made them grow worldwide. The quest for radiant, healthy-looking skin has led to the development of various skincare products, including face serums. Face serums are concentrated formulations designed to deliver active ingredients deep into the skin, addressing specific skin concerns such as aging, hyperpigmentation and dehydration.[1] Rose and beetroot, two natural ingredients rich in antioxidants, vitamins and minerals, have been traditionally used in skincare for their numerous benefits.[2,3] Rose, known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties, helps to soothe and calm the skin, while beetroot, rich in vitamin C and beta-carotene, provides antioxidant protection and promotes collagen production.[4] This project aims to formulate and evolve a face serum using rose and beetroot as primary ingredients. By combining these natural ingredients with other evidence-based actives, we seek to create a serum that not only addresses various skin concerns but also promotes overall skin health and well-being. Through a systematic approach to formulation and testing, we will optimize the serum's composition, texture and stability, ultimately developing a product that meets the demands of the modern skincare market.[5]
Advantage
1.Improve skin texture
2.Minimizes the skin pores..
3.Hydrates and nourishes the skin.
4.Improve skin elasticity. [6]
Disadvantages
1.The gel or liquid like serum texture is an unsuitable for people who have skin condition that are chronic like eczema or rosacea, that weakens the skin barrier.
2.For this people, serum may penetrate too quickly, causing irritation.[7]
History Of Facial Serums
Facial serums have a rich history dating back to ancient civilizations. Egyptians used natural oils and plant extracts for skincare, while ancient Greeks and Romans created formulations with ingredients like olive oil. In the 20th century, advancements in cosmetic science led to the development of modern serums, incorporating ingredients like hyaluronic acid and antioxidants for targeted skincare benefits. Today, facial serums remain popular for their concentrated, fast-absorbing formulations addressing various skin concerns What are Face Serums Their lightweighe nature and concentrated formulation indeed make them effective for addressing skin concerns at a deeper level. Cosmetic Serum Serums are formulated with high concentration of active ingredients, making them more potent than regular creams. This allows them to address specific skincare concerns more effectively.[8]
Ideal Qualities of Face Serum
Soothes Irritated Skin:
Aloe vera gel known for its antiviral and cell-regenerating abilities offers a comforting effect similar to applying it to sunburn.
Deep Hydration:
Capable of raising and lowering skin moisture levels.
Fight Acne and Fade Blemishes:
Bael fruit prevents bacterial overgrowth, reducing acne and pimples.
Remove Dark Circles and Puffiness
Vitamin E and abundant antioxidants help with eyelid discoloration and cool puffiness.
Reduces Under-Eye Circle Prominence:
Improves the appearance of under-eye circles.[9]
Removes Dead Skin Cells:
Encourages collagen synthesis.
Contains Antioxidant Properties.
Supports healthy-looking skin. [10]
Type of Face Serum
Oil serum
Gel serum
Face serum
Water-based serum
Emulsion serum
Serum
Pressed balm serum [11, 12]
PLANT PROFILE
- Beetroot
Botanical Name: Rauwolfia serpentina
Synonyms: Ophioxylon serpentinum, Rauwolfia major
Biological Source: The plant is derived from the dried roots of Rauwolfia serpentina, a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae.
Chemical Constituents: The roots contain several alkaloids, including reserpine, rescinnamine and deserpidine.
Family: Apocynaceae.
Chemical Tests: The presence of alkaloids can be detected using chemical tests such as the Mayer's test or the Dragendorff's test.
Geographical Source: The plant is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
Uses: The plant has been used in traditional medicine for centuries to treat various conditions, including hypertension, anxiety and insomnia.
Microscopic Characters: The roots have a characteristic microscopical structure, with a cork layer, a cortex and a central cylinder.
Morphology:
The plant is a perennial shrub that grows up to 1 meter in height with a woody stem and a taproot. The leaves are simple, alternate and elliptical in shape. The flowers are small white and arranged in clusters.[15,16]
Fig. 1: Beetroot
2. Rose
Botanical Name: Rosa damascena
Synonyms: Rosa gallica, Rosa centifolia
Biological Source: The plant is derived from the flowers of Rosa damascena, a species of rose in the family Rosaceae.
Chemical Constituents: The flowers contain volatile oils, including geraniol, linalool and beta-damascenone, as well as flavonoids and anthocyanins.
Family: Rosaceae
Chemical Tests: The presence of volatile oils can be detected using chemical tests such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Geographical Source: The plant is native to the Middle East and Europebut is now cultivated in many parts of the world.
Uses: The plant is used in perfumery, aromatherapy and traditional medicine and is also a popular ornamental plant.
Microscopic Characters: The flowers have a characteristic microscopical structure, with petals that are covered in tiny, soft hairs.[17]
Morphology: The plant is a perennial shrub that grows up to 2 meters in height with thorny stems and dark green, serrated leaves.The flowers are showy, fragrant and typically pink or red in colour
Fig .2; Rose
3 .Aloevera
Botanical Name: Aloe vera
Synonyms: Aloe barbadensis, Aloe indica
Biological Source: The plant is derived from the leaves of Aloe vera, a species of succulent plant in the family Asphodelaceae.
Chemical Constituents: The leaves contain a gel-like substance that is rich in vitamins, minerals and amino acids, as well as anthraquinones and polysaccharides.
Family: Asphodelaceae (Asphodel family)
Chemical Tests: The presence of anthraquinones can be detected using chemical tests such as the Borntrager's test.
Geographical Source: The plant is native to Africa, but is now cultivated in many parts of the world.
Uses: The plant is used in traditional medicine, cosmetics and skincare products and is also a popular ornamental plant.
Microscopic Characters: The leaves have a characteristic microscopical structure, with a thick cuticle and a gel-filled parenchyma.
MorphologyThe plant is a succulent shrub that grows up to 1 meter in height, with thick, fleshy leaves that are green or grayish-green in color. The flowers are yellow or orange in color and are arranged in a spike-like inflorescence.[18,19]
Fig .3 : Aloevera
EXCIPIENTS PROFILE
Coconut oil:
Non-proprietary Name: Coconut Oil
Synonyms: Cocos nucifera oil
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Coconut oil; CAS No: 8001-31-8
Structural Formula: Complex mixture of triglycerides (mainly lauric, myristic, palmitic acids)
Functional Category: Emollient, moisturizer, vehicle in topical formulations
Stability and Storage: Stable under normal conditions. Store in a cool, dry place, away from sunlight.
Safety: Generally recognized as safe (GRAS); low irritation risk. May cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.
Tween 40:
Non-proprietary Name: Polysorbate 40
Synonyms: Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate; CAS No: 9005-66-7
Structural Formula:
Derived from palmitic acid esterified with sorbitan and ethoxylated with ethylene oxide
Functional Category: Surfactant, emulsifier, solubilizer
Stability and Storage: Stable. Store at room temperature, protect from moisture and heat.
Safety: Generally safe; may cause mild irritation in high concentrations.
Olive oil :
Non-proprietary Name: Olive Oil
Synonyms: Olea europaea oil
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Olive oil; CAS No: 8001-25-0
Structural Formula: Primarily triglycerides of oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids
Functional Category: Emollient, lubricant, antioxidant in formulations
Stability and Storage: Oxidizes over time; store in airtight, light-resistant containers in a cool place
Safety: GRAS; safe for topical and oral use; very low allergy risk [20,21]
Benzyl alcohol:
Non-proprietary Name: Benzyl Alcohol
Synonyms: Phenylmethanol
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Benzyl alcohol; CAS No: 100-51-6
Structural Formula: C?H?CH?OH
Functional Category: Preservative, solvent, local anesthetic
Stability and Storage: Stable. Store tightly closed in a cool, ventilated place
Safety: Safe at low concentrations; can be toxic at higher doses; eye/skin irritant.
Glycerine :
Non-proprietary Name: Glycerin
Synonyms: Glycerol
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Propane-1,2,3-triol; CAS No: 56-81-5
Structural Formula: C?H?O?
Functional Category: Humectant, solvent, emollient
Stability and Storage: Very stable; hygroscopic; store in tightly sealed containers
Safety: GRAS; safe for oral, topical, and injectable use; non-toxic.
Almond oil :
Non-proprietary Name: Almond Oil (Sweet)
Synonyms: Prunus amygdalus dulcis oil
Chemical Name and CAS / Respiratory Name: Almond oil; CAS No: 8007-69-0 or 90320-37-9
Structural Formula: Triglycerides primarily of oleic and linoleic acids
Functional Category: Emollient, skin-conditioning agent
Stability and Storage: Stable when stored in a cool, dry place in sealed containers
Safety: Generally safe; potential allergen for people with nut allergies.[22,23]
METHODOLOGY AND EVALUATION
- Method
- Extraction of Rose powder by maceration process
Maceration Process for Rose Extraction
Maceration is a traditional method for extracting bioactive compounds from plant rose.
- Steps:
1. Rose petals are collected and cleaned
2. Prepare a powder from the petals
3. The powder is added into the solvent (ethanol)
4. Mixture is left to macerate for a period (hours or days)
5. Liquid extract is separated from solid
6. Extract is filtered and concentrated.[21]
The formulation and evaluation of face serum using beetroot and rose extract demonstrated promising results. The serum’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, attributed to the betalains and polyphenols in beetroot and rose, respectively, may help protect the skin from damage and promote a healthy, radiant complexion.
Fig.8: solubility Test.
